INTRODUCTION ABOUT VIETNAM'S MINERALS POTENTIAL
INTRODUCTION ABOUT VIETNAM'S MINERALS POTENTIAL
- Results of the survey, evaluation and exploration of minerals performed until now show that our country has quite diverse and rich mineral resources with over 5,000 mines and ore points of 60 different types of minerals; There are a number of minerals of large scale, strategic significance and a resource for the country's socio-economic development.
- Article 53 of the Constitution in 2013 affirms that mineral resources are "public property" owned by the Vietnamese people, uniformly managed by the State. On average, each year, our country's mining industry provided the economy with about 90 million tons of cement limestone, about 70 million cubic meter of building materials (construction materials), nearly 100 million cubic meters of construction sand and leveling, over 45 million tons of coal, over 3 million tons of iron ore, etc; output value of the mining industry (excluding petroleum) accounts for about 4-5% of the annual GDP; Directly contributed to the budget from the grant of mineral mining rights, royalties and environmental protection fees (excluding oil and gas) from 2014 to now with an average of 16-20,000 billion VND per year, including taxes resources from 10,000 - 11,000 billion VND. It can be said that mineral resources have actually become one of the resources for socio-economic development of the country in each period.
- Titanium ore: Titanium ore in Vietnam includes 02 types of original ore and minerals ore. The original ore concentrates in Thai Nguyen province; the mineral ores are concentrated in the coastal provinces from Thanh Hoa to Ba Ria - Vung Tau. The total potential of titanium resources and reserves in Vietnam is about 663.15 million tons of useful heavy minerals.
- Bauxite ore: Bauxite ore in Vietnam is distributed mainly in the northern provinces (Lang Son, Cao Bang, Ha Giang) and in the Central Highlands (Dak Nong, Lam Dong, Gia Lai, Kon Tum) and Binh Phuoc and Phu Yen. The reserve and forecast resources of bauxite ore deposits in the Northern provinces are about 88.5 million tons. For bauxite laterite ore, the total reserves and forecast resources of bauxite-laterite ore have been estimated at about 3,500 million tons of fine ore.
- Rare earth: Rare earth ore is concentrated in Bac Nam Xe, Nam Nam Xe, Dong Pao (Lai Chau), Muong Hum (Lao Cai), Yen Phu (Yen Bai) mines. According to statistics, reserves and rare earth resources in Vietnam reached about 19.96 tons of Tr2O3.
- Apatite: So far, 17 apatite mines and ore points have been confirmed, concentrated mainly in Lao Cai province. Most apatite mines are of medium to large scale. The reserve and forecast resources of apatite ore calculated to a depth of - 900m are 2,373.97 million tons.
- White sand: White sand is distributed in 09 coastal provinces of North and Central Vietnam with great potential but the level of investigation and evaluation is limited. The total reserves of 13 mines have been explored at 123 million tons, the forecast resource is about 03 billion tons.
- High quality limestone (except white marble): Limestone meets the requirements of cement production, industrial lime and poly buckets are present in 29 provinces of the country but unevenly distributed, concentrated mainly in North and North Central region. Nowaday, more than 80 mines have been surveyed, assessed and explored at different levels with a total reserve of about 08 billion tons.
- White marble: Distributed in 11 northern provinces, but concentrated in Nghe An and Yen Bai provinces. Up to now, there are over 70 mines already under exploration. About 200 million m3 of white marble have been identified as eligible for paving stone production and 1.2 billion tons are of sufficient quality to produce calcium carbonate powder.
- Mineral water - hot water: Almost all provinces and cities in the country have mineral water - hot water. According to investigated, recorded 400 sources of mineral water - hot water.
- Uranium ore: Results of geological research and mineral exploration have discovered uranium mineralization in the Northwest, Viet Bac, Central and Central Highlands regions. In particular concentrated in the region of Nong Son (Quang Nam). To date, 06 uranium mines have been evaluated and explored with a total estimated resource of about 218,000 tons of U3O8, of which Nong Son area is about 100,000 tons of U3O8.
- Coal: Coal is distributed mainly in the Northeast coal basin and Red River coal basin. In addition to the exploited coal reserves, if excluding the Red River basin coal, the remaining reserves and resources are not large (about 5 billion tons including forecast resources).
- Regarding Red River coal basin, currently investigating and evaluating the overall coal potential of the land. Initial results show that the coal potential in the mainland of the Red River basin is very large, the density of coal storage is high from -330 to -1200m. Distribution ranges from Khoai Chau Hung Yen to Tien Hai, Thai Binh - Hai Hau Nam Dinh. Preliminary results have identified good quality coal for use as energy coal.
- In addition, our country has a number of other metallic minerals such as copper ore, iron ore, manganese, antimony, mercury, molybdenum, feldspar, kaolin, kalin clay as raw materials for ceramic, paving stone, etc. Detecting and assessing the potential of resources, but the resources of these minerals are not large and scattered.